早在南北朝时期，著论理专家宗懔就在自个的作品《荆楚岁时记》中对大年夜饭做了这样的记载：“暮家家俱肴蔌，诣宿岁之位，以迎新年，集会酣饮。” 吃大年夜饭的风俗已撒播数千年，对每个炎黄子孙而言都意义深远。跟着科技的打开，大年夜饭的方法也在不断发生改变，如今的我国人既可以在家克己大年夜饭，也可以在网上预定大厨上门效能，但一向不变的，是大年夜饭的味道，和饭菜中凝集的浓浓亲情。
Sumptuous and culturally significant, the family reuniondinner, served on Spring Festival eve, is a 4000-year-old traditionpassed down through generations in China. A hearty feast, thedinner is also a historical record of Chinese traditions andculture, with every dish containing its own auspicioussymbolism.
我国地大物博，每个区域的大年夜饭都有自个的特征，每家的新年餐桌也不尽相同。修改选择了几种我们耳熟能详的大年夜饭招牌菜，为我们制造了一份中英文双语的“公民网大年夜饭菜单”，今后再向外国友人介绍咱们引认为豪的文明传统时，就不会再词穷啦！
Though different regions have their own unique menu for thereunion dinner, all dishes are created to give blessings for thecoming year. Preparing such a grand meal isn’t easy, but with ourexclusive New Year menu, we hope to ensure your food and décor areon point this year!
饺子
关于日子在北方的我国人而言，饺子是必备的大年夜好菜。饺子谐音“交子”，包含着辞旧迎新，拥抱将来的夸姣期望。饺子的馅料也很有讲究，比方白菜馅预示着“百财”，而韭菜馅意味着“长耐久久”。
With a history of more than 1,800 years, dumplings, also knownas jiaozi (饺子) in Chinese, are a traditional dish eaten on SpringFestival eve, especially in northern China.
In Chinese, the pronunciation of dumplings sounds the same as交子 (jiaozi). 交 means “exchange,” while 子 means the midnight hours.Combined, jiaozi means the exchange between the old and new year,while people who eat dumplings are said to leave the past behind,and embrace a new year.
Traditionally, dumplings are made to look like ancient Chinesegold ingots, which were at one point used as currency. Popularfillings include Chinese cabbage, which represents wealth, as wellas green leeks, which symbolize everlasting affluence. Rumor has itthat the more dumplings you eat during the reunion dinner, the moremoney you will make in the coming year.
In many regions, a white thread is wrapped inside one of thedumplings, and the person who picks it is believed to gainlongevity in the future. Coins are also placed inside somedumplings, and those who choose them are supposed to become rich inthe coming year.
In addition to its delicious flavor, the process of makingdumplings is also a family custom during the Spring Festival.During dinner preparations, all family members will wrap dumplingstogether, while in specific regions, the daughter-in-law must makedumplings for the older family members to be considered part of thefamily.
Recipe丨Dumplings
Flavor: salty
Cooking method: boil, steam or simmer
Cultural Connotation: Jiaozi means sending a farewell tothe past, as well as receiving wealth and happiness in thecoming year
汤圆
与北方人不一样，南边许多区域在新年时刻会吃汤圆。汤圆涵义团圆，浑圆的形状也被视为家庭夸姣，和和美美的标志。需要留心的是，北方的元宵和南边的汤圆仍是有差异的。从做法上看，元宵一般用干粉滚制而成，汤圆则是用糯米烫揉后的湿粉包成。元宵一般是在新年的最终一天，也就是元宵节食用，而汤圆则多呈如今大年夜饭的餐桌上。
Glutinous rice balls, or Tangyuan (汤圆), is a sweet dish servedduring the Spring Festival in southern China. Unlike dumplings, thedough of Tangyuan is made using glutinous rice powder and has asweet filling made of ingredients such as red bean paste, fruit andbrown sugar.
The rice balls are usually cooked and served in boiling waterwith fermented glutinous rice and sweet ginger syrup, though insome regions, they can also be deep-fried to add a stronger flavor.Glutinous rice balls are usually shared among all family members.Their round shape signifies family togetherness, while tangyuan isa homophone for union (团圆-tuanyuan).
Popular in both northern and southern China, glutinous riceballs may take different forms or names in different regions. Inthe north of China, this dish is usually called yuan xiao (元宵) andis served during the lantern festival, the 15th day of Chinese NewYear, while in south China, the rice balls are typically served ina savory soup made with Chinese radish and homemade fish cake onNew Year’s Eve.
Recipe丨Glutinous rice balls
Flavor: sweet
Cooking method: boil or fry
Cultural Connotation: the round shape representscompleteness and reunion
蔬菜好菜
蔬菜是大年夜饭桌上必不可以少的甘旨。许多蔬菜因谐音吉利，而变成我国人喜爱的新年食材。
在我国北方大有些区域，白菜是必不可以少的大年夜饭菜肴。白菜谐音“百财”，有着财源滚滚，8方来财的夸姣涵义；韭菜则谐音“久财”，意味着长耐久久，夸姣满足。
在南边，莲藕和莲子是新年餐桌上的常客，因为莲藕和莲子涵义多子多福，家运昌盛。
Vegetables play a significant
role on the reunion dinnertable. Traditionally, all vegetable dishes have related to a playon words, with every recipe containing a good wish for the comingyear.
Though the choice of vegetables may differ in differentregions, several familiar vegetable dishes are eaten across Chinaduring the new year. For instance, one recipe including Chinesecabbage and lotus seeds is popular during the Spring Festival, asin Chinese, cabbage is a homophone of “unlimited wealth,” whilelotus seeds represent a blessing for many children and a healthyfamily.
In south China, bamboo shoots are considered a lucky vegetabledish for the reunion dinner, as they represent longevity as well asgood fortune. In north China, the leek is typically made into asalad or a filling for dumplings, because it sounds similar to 久,meaning everlasting fortune.
Recipe丨Vegetable stew
Flavor: sweet, salty or spicy
Cooking method: boil, fry or steam
Cultural Connotation: a symbol of good fortune, health,and happiness
鲜鱼
不管南边北方，大年夜饭上必定会有一道鲜鱼好菜。北方人喜食油炸带鱼，南边人酷爱蒸鱼鱼羹。中文中“鱼”和“余”发音相同，后者有充裕之意。在我国人看来，凡事留有境地，日后方得进益，因而新年吃鱼也是完全可以了解的了。
For every Chinese family, fish is an indispensable part of thereunion dinner. In Chinese, fish has the same pronunciation as 余(yu), which means surplus. For Chinese people, it is always good tohave saved something by the end of the year, so that more goodfortune will follow.
The typical blessing of the fish dish is 年年有余, an idiomwishing people a surplus of food and money in the new year. It isalso essential to choose the right type of fish. The Crucian carpand Chinese mud carp are most often used in the reunion dinner, asthe first character of crucian carp (鲫鱼, jìyú) sounds like theChinese word 吉 (jí, good luck), while the Chinese word for mud carphas a similar pronunciation to the word for gift.
When eating the fish dish, the head and the tail must be leftintact. This practice echoes the Chinese idiom 有头有尾, with theliteral meaning “having both head and tail,” which represents theidea of concluding the unfinished, as well as moving towards apositive start.
During the reunion dinner, the fish head must be placed towardelders or distinguished guests to show respect, while those sittingfacing the head and tail of the fish should drink and toasttogether, to bring good luck to all family members.
Recipe丨New year fish
Flavor: sweet, salty or spicy
Cooking method: boil, fry or steam
Cultural Connotation: a symbol of surplus
红烧肉
红烧肉的做法量体裁衣。以江浙名菜东坡肉为例，文豪苏东坡提出烧猪肉加酒小火慢煨的做法，做出的红烧肉味道软糯，酒香淳厚。湖南名菜毛氏红烧肉则摒弃酱油上色的传统做法，改用炒好的焦糖上色，口感绵软，味道鲜美。
Red braised pork belly is a traditional Chinese dish with ahistory of over 1,500 years. In his famous book, Qi Min Yao Shu,agronomist Jia Sixie explained the dish’s cooking process, notingthat this dish was a firm favorite during the 5th century.
The dish ordinarily uses pork belly, ginger, aromatic spices,sugar, soy sauce and star anise. The meat is cooked until the fatand skin are gelatinous, with a soft and oily flavor.
Many Chinese gastronomes have improved the flavor oftraditional red braised pork belly. Su Dongpo, one of the mostprominent Chinese writers living in the Song Dynasty, added wine,so that the flavor of the pork is oily but not greasy, with asubtle fragrance. Chinese leader Mao Zedong also liked red braisedpork belly, though he preferred to eat it without soy sauce,favoring extra sugar and salt to replicate soy’s rich flavor.
This dish is a reminder of Chinese idiom 红兴隆火 (red and fire),which means to prosper as much as red fire.
Recipe丨Red braised pork belly
Flavor: sweet or salty
Cooking method: red cook
Cultural Connotation: a symbol of prosperity and abooming career
福果
新年时刻不可以或缺的饭后餐点就是各种具有吉利涵义的生果，也就是福果了。最多见的福果包括福橘和柚子。大学语文讲义中有一篇鲁迅先生写的《阿长与山海经》，其间就说到春节时刻吃福橘的风俗。福橘和柚子都是圆形的生果，标志着家族友善，团团圆圆。橘谐音“吉”，意味着来年吉利满足，柚谐音“又”，意味着来年福分不断，都是吉利的生果。
Certain fruits are eaten during the Spring Festival,especially tangerines and pomelos. Round in shape and golden incolor, these fruits are believed to bring abundance to the family,while their pronunciations also sound lucky to Chinese people.
In Chinese, tangerine (桔, ju) sounds similar to the Chineseword for luck (吉, ji), while the Chinese for pomelo (柚, you) soundslike the word for “again” (又, you), thus eating both fruits meanscontinuous prosperity and good luck.
2021年新年将至
各国驻华大使提前给我们贺年啦！
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